fedora-intune: enforce Defender protection settings

Defender's defaults left behavior monitoring off and every setting
unmanaged. Ship /etc/opt/microsoft/mdatp/managed/mdatp_managed.json:
real-time protection, behavior monitoring, PUA blocking, cloud-delivered
protection at the high block level, automatic definition updates and
sample submission, and scheduled scans (daily quick at 12:00, weekly full
on Wednesday 12:30, low priority). Users can't change managed settings.
The build fails if the file isn't valid JSON.

Network protection (Insiders channels only) and tamper protection
(audit-only preview on Linux) are left out.

The compliance script and rules now also check behavior monitoring and
cloud-delivered protection.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

.gitea/workflows/build.yaml

@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@ name: Build containers
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      image:
+        description: Image to build
+        type: choice
+        options: [all, fedora-cosmic, fedora-remote, fedora-intune]
+        default: all
   pull_request:
     branches: ["main"]
   push:
@@ -15,11 +21,17 @@ jobs:
   changes:
     name: Compute changes
     runs-on: job-v2
+    # The runner has no git: without it actions/checkout falls back to a
+    # tarball with no history, `git diff` fails and every image is rebuilt.
+    container:
+      image: "quay.io/fedora-ostree-desktops/buildroot:44"
     outputs:
       cosmic: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.cosmic }}
       remote: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.remote }}
       intune: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.intune }}
     steps:
+      - name: Install tools
+        run: dnf install -y nodejs git
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -27,17 +39,53 @@ jobs:
       - name: Detect changed images
         id: changes
         shell: bash
+        env:
+          EVENT: ${{ github.event_name }}
+          BEFORE: ${{ github.event.before }}
+          SHA: ${{ github.sha }}
+          BASE_REF: ${{ github.base_ref }}
+          DISPATCH_IMAGE: ${{ inputs.image }}
         run: |
           set -euo pipefail
-          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "push" \
-                && -n "${{ github.event.before }}" \
-                && "${{ github.event.before }}" != "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" ]]; then
-            changed="$(git diff --name-only "${{ github.event.before }}" "${{ github.sha }}" || true)"
-          elif [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "pull_request" ]]; then
-            changed="$(git diff --name-only "origin/${{ github.base_ref }}...HEAD" || true)"
-          else
-            changed=""
-          fi
+          # Diff the event's commits; any failure rebuilds everything, but
+          # say so instead of hiding it.
+          diff_or_all() {
+            if ! changed="$(git diff --name-only "$@")"; then
+              echo "::warning::git diff $* failed; rebuilding every image"
+              changed=""
+            elif [[ -z "${changed}" ]]; then
+              # Nothing changed (e.g. an empty merge): build nothing rather
+              # than everything.
+              changed="(none)"
+            fi
+          }
+          case "${EVENT}" in
+            push)
+              if [[ -n "${BEFORE}" && "${BEFORE}" != 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ]]; then
+                diff_or_all "${BEFORE}" "${SHA}"
+              else
+                echo "::warning::push without a previous commit; rebuilding every image"
+                changed=""
+              fi
+              ;;
+            pull_request)
+              diff_or_all "origin/${BASE_REF}...HEAD"
+              ;;
+            workflow_dispatch)
+              # Pretend the chosen image's directory changed; "all" (or no
+              # input) rebuilds everything.
+              if [[ -n "${DISPATCH_IMAGE}" && "${DISPATCH_IMAGE}" != all ]]; then
+                changed="images/${DISPATCH_IMAGE}/"
+              else
+                changed=""
+              fi
+              ;;
+            *)
+              # schedule: the weekly rebuild picks up package updates for all.
+              changed=""
+              ;;
+          esac
+          printf 'Changed paths:\n%s\n' "${changed:-(all)}"
           eval "$(printf '%s\n' "${changed}" | ./ci-changes.sh)"
           echo "cosmic=${cosmic}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
           echo "remote=${remote}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
@@ -104,6 +152,8 @@ jobs:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Log in to registry
+        # Only the push step needs it, and PR builds get no secrets.
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
         env:
           REGISTRY_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.REGISTRY_USERNAME }}
           REGISTRY_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.REGISTRY_TOKEN }}

images/fedora-intune/build.conf

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ BUILD_MODE=upstream
 
 UPSTREAM_REPO="https://gitlab.com/fedora/ostree/ci-test.git"
 
-# Stable only; Microsoft builds the Intune app against RHEL, not rawhide.
+# Stable only; Microsoft's Defender repo (fedora/44) has no rawhide build.
 declare -A UPSTREAM_REFS=(
   [44]=f44
 )

images/fedora-intune/custom.yaml

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ exclude-packages:
 add-files:
   - ["50-workstation.preset", "/usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/50-workstation.preset"]
   # Key-only SSH for local accounts.
-  - ["10-intune-sshd.conf", "/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/10-intune-sshd.conf"]
+  - ["10-workstation-sshd.conf", "/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/10-workstation-sshd.conf"]
 
 postprocess:
   # uresourced breaks the GDM greeter's user manager; see fedora-remote.

images/fedora-intune/defender.yaml

@@ -1,39 +1,57 @@
-# Microsoft Defender for Endpoint on Linux (mdatp), RHEL 10 build.
+# Microsoft Defender for Endpoint on Linux (mdatp), Fedora 44 build, from the
+# microsoft-fedora44 repo (repos/microsoft.repo).
 #
-# mdatp's %post does the real install: it writes mdatp.service and the
-# mde_netfilter_v2 units, loads its SELinux module and creates a machine GUID
-# and state under /var/opt/microsoft/mdatp. In a compose the daemon cannot
-# start and /var is not shipped, so the units and SELinux module are handled
-# here and the per-machine state is left to the first start on the device.
+# mdatp's %post does the real install: units, SELinux module, and per-machine
+# state under /var/opt/microsoft/mdatp (machine GUID, definitions database,
+# logs). In a compose /var is read-only, and that state must not be shared
+# between machines anyway, so the %post is saved into the image and run once on
+# first boot by mdatp-firstboot.service. mdatp.service waits for it.
 #
 # Onboarding is per tenant and not part of the image: run the onboarding script
-# from the Defender portal on the device (see the Intune test doc).
+# from the Defender portal on the device.
 
 repo-packages:
-  - repo: microsoft-rhel10
+  - repo: microsoft-fedora44
     packages:
       - mdatp
 
 packages:
-  # Used by the Defender TVM/inventory scripts and the onboarding script.
+  # The %post is a bash script; Defender's inventory scripts and the
+  # onboarding script are Python.
+  - bash
   - python3
 
 add-files:
+  - ["mdatp-firstboot", "/usr/libexec/mdatp-firstboot"]
+  - ["mdatp-firstboot.service", "/usr/lib/systemd/system/mdatp-firstboot.service"]
+  - ["mdatp-firstboot.conf", "/usr/lib/systemd/system/mdatp.service.d/10-firstboot.conf"]
   - ["50-defender.preset", "/usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/50-defender.preset"]
+  # Enforced Defender settings (shown as "[managed]" in `mdatp health`; local
+  # changes are refused): real-time protection, behavior monitoring, PUA
+  # blocking, cloud protection at the "high" block level, automatic updates
+  # and sample submission, a daily quick scan at 12:00 and a weekly full scan
+  # on Wednesday 12:30 (low priority, up to 2 h later at random). Settings
+  # reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/defender-endpoint/linux-preferences
+  # Not set here: network protection (Insiders channels only) and tamper
+  # protection (audit-only preview on Linux).
+  - ["mdatp_managed.json", "/etc/opt/microsoft/mdatp/managed/mdatp_managed.json"]
 
 postprocess:
   - |
     #!/usr/bin/env bash
     set -xeuo pipefail
-    conf=/opt/microsoft/mdatp/conf
-    # Units the %post copies into place; install them if it did not get there.
+    # The %post wrote the units during the compose; fail the build if a newer
+    # mdatp stops doing that, rather than shipping a Defender that never starts.
     for unit in mdatp.service mde_netfilter_v2.service mde_netfilter_v2.socket; do
-      if [[ ! -f "/usr/lib/systemd/system/${unit}" ]]; then
-        install -m 0644 "${conf}/${unit}" "/usr/lib/systemd/system/${unit}"
-      fi
+      test -f "/usr/lib/systemd/system/${unit}"
     done
-    semodule -n -i "${conf}/selinux_policies/out/mdatp_service.pp"
-    # Never ship a machine GUID or onboarding state baked in at build time.
-    ls -laR /etc/opt/microsoft /var/opt/microsoft 2>/dev/null || true
-    rm -rf /var/opt/microsoft/mdatp
-    rm -f /etc/opt/microsoft/mdatp/mdatp_onboard.json
+    # rpm-ostree keeps /opt content in /usr/lib/opt until the commit.
+    for root in /usr/lib/opt /opt; do
+      pp="${root}/microsoft/mdatp/conf/selinux_policies/out/mdatp_service.pp"
+      [[ -f "${pp}" ]] && break
+    done
+    semodule -n -i "${pp}"
+    # Fail the build on a typo rather than ship a config Defender can't read.
+    python3 -m json.tool /etc/opt/microsoft/mdatp/managed/mdatp_managed.json > /dev/null
+    rpm -q --qf '%{POSTIN}' mdatp > /usr/libexec/mdatp-postinst
+    chmod 0755 /usr/libexec/mdatp-firstboot /usr/libexec/mdatp-postinst

images/fedora-intune/files/10-himmelblau-os-release.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Report the full image version (VERSION_ID=44.20261019.0) to Entra ID and
+# Intune instead of "44"; see /usr/libexec/himmelblau-os-release. Only this
+# service's mount namespace sees the replacement os-release.
+[Unit]
+Requires=himmelblau-os-release.service
+After=himmelblau-os-release.service
+
+[Service]
+BindReadOnlyPaths=/run/himmelblau-os-release:/etc/os-release

images/fedora-intune/files/50-defender.preset

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
-# Defender daemon and its network filter (socket-activated).
+# Defender: first-boot setup, the daemon and its network filter.
+enable mdatp-firstboot.service
 enable mdatp.service
 enable mde_netfilter_v2.socket

images/fedora-intune/files/50-himmelblau-user.preset

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Intune compliance check at login and on a timer, for every user.
+enable himmelblau-compliance-check.service
+enable himmelblau-compliance-check.timer

images/fedora-intune/files/50-himmelblau.preset

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Himmelblau daemons; they pull in their sockets with Requires=.
+enable himmelblaud.service
+enable himmelblaud-tasks.service
+enable himmelblau-hsm-pin-init.service
+# Runs the Intune custom configuration scripts Himmelblau puts in /etc/cron.d.
+enable crond.service

images/fedora-intune/files/50-intune.preset

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-# Intune daemon (socket-activated) and the device identity broker.
-enable intune-daemon.socket
-enable microsoft-identity-device-broker.service

images/fedora-intune/files/edge-himmelblau-policy.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "ExtensionInstallForcelist": [
+    "jlnfnnolkbjieggibinobhkjdfbpcohn;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx"
+  ]
+}

images/fedora-intune/files/edge-linux_entra_sso.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    "name": "linux_entra_sso",
+    "description": "Entra ID SSO via Microsoft Identity Broker",
+    "path": "/usr/bin/linux-entra-sso",
+    "type": "stdio",
+    "allowed_origins": [
+        "chrome-extension://jlnfnnolkbjieggibinobhkjdfbpcohn/"
+    ]
+}

images/fedora-intune/files/himmelblau-os-release

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Write the os-release that the Himmelblau daemons see (10-os-release.conf):
+# the image's /usr/lib/os-release with VERSION_ID set to the full image version
+# (OSTREE_VERSION, e.g. 44.20261019.0), so Intune shows the build and not just
+# "44". Himmelblau reports VERSION_ID as the device's OS version and has no
+# setting for it. The rest of the system keeps the stock VERSION_ID, which
+# toolbox, flatpak and dnf expect to be the plain release.
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SRC=/usr/lib/os-release
+DEST=/run/himmelblau-os-release
+
+version="$(. "${SRC}" && echo "${OSTREE_VERSION:-${IMAGE_VERSION:-}}")"
+
+tmp="$(mktemp "${DEST}.XXXXXX")"
+if [[ -n "${version}" ]]; then
+  sed "s/^VERSION_ID=.*/VERSION_ID=${version}/" "${SRC}" > "${tmp}"
+else
+  # No image version (not an ostree/bootc deployment): pass it through as-is.
+  cat "${SRC}" > "${tmp}"
+fi
+chmod 0644 "${tmp}"
+mv -f "${tmp}" "${DEST}"

images/fedora-intune/files/himmelblau-os-release.service

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Generate the os-release reported by Himmelblau to Intune
+DefaultDependencies=no
+After=local-fs.target
+Before=himmelblaud.service himmelblaud-tasks.service
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/libexec/himmelblau-os-release
+RemainAfterExit=yes

images/fedora-intune/files/himmelblau.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Himmelblau configuration. See himmelblau.conf(5) and
+# https://himmelblau-idm.org/docs/reference/himmelblau-conf/
+#
+# No tenant settings are needed: `domain` defaults to the domain of the first
+# user who signs in, and that user joins the device to Entra ID. Restrict who
+# may sign in with pam_allow_groups (group object IDs or UPNs).
+
+[global]
+# Enroll the device in Intune and apply/report compliance policies.
+apply_policy = true
+# Fedora's admin group; members of sudo_groups (Entra group object IDs) are
+# added to it.
+local_sudo_group = wheel
+# Home directories named after the account (e.g. /home/jdoe), with a UPN alias.
+home_attr = CN
+home_alias = SPN
+use_etc_skel = true

images/fedora-intune/files/mdatp-firstboot

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Finish the Defender (mdatp) install on first boot by running the package's
+# own %post, saved at build time: it creates the machine GUID, state, logs and
+# definitions database under /var and then enables and starts mdatp.service.
+set -euo pipefail
+
+MARKER=/var/lib/mdatp-firstboot.done
+
+[[ -f "${MARKER}" ]] && exit 0
+
+# mdatp.service only starts once the marker exists (10-firstboot.conf), and the
+# %post starts it, so create the marker first and drop it again on failure.
+touch "${MARKER}"
+if ! bash /usr/libexec/mdatp-postinst 1; then
+  rm -f "${MARKER}"
+  exit 1
+fi

images/fedora-intune/files/mdatp-firstboot.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Don't start Defender before mdatp-firstboot.service has created its state.
+[Unit]
+ConditionPathExists=/var/lib/mdatp-firstboot.done

images/fedora-intune/files/mdatp-firstboot.service

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Finish the Microsoft Defender for Endpoint install on first boot
+Documentation=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/microsoft-defender-endpoint-linux
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+ConditionPathExists=!/var/lib/mdatp-firstboot.done
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/libexec/mdatp-firstboot
+RemainAfterExit=yes
+TimeoutStartSec=15min
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

images/fedora-intune/files/mdatp_managed.json

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{
+  "antivirusEngine": {
+    "enforcementLevel": "real_time",
+    "behaviorMonitoring": "enabled",
+    "scanAfterDefinitionUpdate": true,
+    "scanArchives": true,
+    "disallowedThreatActions": ["allow", "restore"],
+    "threatTypeSettingsMergePolicy": "admin_only",
+    "threatTypeSettings": [
+      { "key": "potentially_unwanted_application", "value": "block" },
+      { "key": "archive_bomb", "value": "audit" }
+    ],
+    "scheduledScan": "enabled"
+  },
+  "scheduledScan": {
+    "dailyConfiguration": { "timeOfDay": 720 },
+    "weeklyConfiguration": { "dayOfWeek": 4, "scanType": "full", "timeOfDay": 750 },
+    "lowPriorityScheduledScan": true,
+    "checkForDefinitionsUpdate": true,
+    "randomizeScanStartTime": 2
+  },
+  "cloudService": {
+    "enabled": true,
+    "diagnosticLevel": "required",
+    "automaticSampleSubmissionConsent": "safe",
+    "automaticDefinitionUpdateEnabled": true,
+    "cloudBlockLevel": "high"
+  }
+}

images/fedora-intune/himmelblau.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# Himmelblau: Entra ID sign-in (PAM/NSS), Entra join, Hello PIN, Intune
+# enrollment and compliance, and browser SSO.
+
+repo-packages:
+  - repo: himmelblau
+    packages:
+      - himmelblau
+      - pam-himmelblau
+      - nss-himmelblau
+      - himmelblau-selinux
+      # Shows a QR code on the login screen for the MFA/device-code prompts.
+      - himmelblau-qr-greeter
+      # Entra SSO in Edge (native messaging host) via the Himmelblau broker.
+      - himmelblau-broker
+      - himmelblau-sso
+
+packages:
+  - authselect
+  - nss-altfiles
+  # himmelblau-selinux compiles its policy module at install time.
+  - make
+  - selinux-policy-devel
+  # Intune custom configuration scripts are installed as /etc/cron.d jobs.
+  - cronie
+
+add-files:
+  - ["himmelblau.conf", "/etc/himmelblau/himmelblau.conf"]
+  - ["50-himmelblau.preset", "/usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/50-himmelblau.preset"]
+  - ["50-himmelblau-user.preset", "/usr/lib/systemd/user-preset/50-himmelblau-user.preset"]
+  # Report the full image version (44.20261019.0) as the OS version in Intune.
+  - ["himmelblau-os-release", "/usr/libexec/himmelblau-os-release"]
+  - ["himmelblau-os-release.service", "/usr/lib/systemd/system/himmelblau-os-release.service"]
+  - ["10-himmelblau-os-release.conf", "/usr/lib/systemd/system/himmelblaud.service.d/10-os-release.conf"]
+  - ["10-himmelblau-os-release.conf", "/usr/lib/systemd/system/himmelblaud-tasks.service.d/10-os-release.conf"]
+
+postprocess:
+  # The package's %post selects its authselect vendor profile but drops
+  # with-altfiles; without it system users (gdm, pipewire, mdatp, ...) in
+  # /usr/lib/passwd do not resolve and the login screen never starts.
+  - |
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -xeuo pipefail
+    authselect select himmelblau with-altfiles with-pam-gnome-keyring --force --nobackup
+    for user in gdm mdatp; do
+      getent passwd "${user}" >/dev/null
+    done
+    grep -q pam_himmelblau.so /etc/pam.d/system-auth
+    chmod 0755 /usr/libexec/himmelblau-os-release
+    test -d /etc/cron.d
+
+  # himmelblau-selinux builds and loads its module in %posttrans, which does
+  # nothing in a compose; do it here.
+  - |
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -xeuo pipefail
+    tmp="$(mktemp -d)"
+    cp /usr/share/selinux/packages/himmelblaud/himmelblaud.{te,if,fc} "${tmp}/"
+    make -C "${tmp}" -f /usr/share/selinux/devel/Makefile himmelblaud.pp
+    semodule -n -i "${tmp}/himmelblaud.pp"
+    rm -rf "${tmp}"
+
+  # Show the QR greeter on the GDM login screen, not only in user sessions.
+  - |
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -xeuo pipefail
+    install -d /etc/dconf/db/gdm.d
+    cat > /etc/dconf/db/gdm.d/01-himmelblau-qr-greeter <<'CONF'
+    [org/gnome/shell]
+    enabled-extensions=['qr-greeter@himmelblau-idm.org']
+    CONF
+    dconf update
+
+  # Compliance check (user timer) and broker for every user.
+  - |
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -xeuo pipefail
+    systemctl --user --global preset-all

images/fedora-intune/intune.yaml

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-# Microsoft Intune app for Linux (intune-portal), the Microsoft identity broker
-# and Microsoft Edge (needed for Conditional Access to Microsoft 365 web apps).
-#
-# Fedora is not a supported Intune distribution. The RHEL 10 builds are used
-# because they link against the same library generation as Fedora 44. The
-# repos are limited to these packages with includepkgs (repos/microsoft.repo),
-# so nothing else from the RHEL repo can replace a Fedora package.
-
-repos:
-  - microsoft-rhel10
-  - microsoft-edge
-
-repo-packages:
-  - repo: microsoft-rhel10
-    packages:
-      - intune-portal
-      - microsoft-identity-broker
-  - repo: microsoft-edge
-    packages:
-      - microsoft-edge-stable
-
-packages:
-  # intune-portal scriptlet dependencies (authselect profile + SELinux module)
-  # and the sssd base its authselect profile is derived from.
-  - authselect
-  - checkpolicy
-  - policycoreutils
-  - sssd-client
-  # Secret storage for the identity broker tokens.
-  - gnome-keyring
-  - libsecret
-
-add-files:
-  - ["50-intune.preset", "/usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/50-intune.preset"]
-
-postprocess:
-  # The intune-portal %post builds an authselect profile with pam_intune.so and
-  # an SELinux module, but neither reliably survives a compose (no running
-  # SELinux, authselect state under /etc). Redo both here so the image is
-  # deterministic either way.
-  - |
-    #!/usr/bin/env bash
-    set -xeuo pipefail
-    profile=/etc/authselect/custom/intune-profile
-    if [[ ! -d "${profile}" ]]; then
-      authselect create-profile intune-profile -b sssd --symlink-meta --symlink-pam
-    fi
-    for f in system-auth password-auth; do
-      grep -q pam_intune.so "${profile}/${f}" && continue
-      sed -i \
-        -e 's/^\(auth[[:space:]]\+\)sufficient\([[:space:]]\+pam_unix.so\)/\1required  \2/' \
-        -e 's/^\(password[[:space:]]\+\)sufficient\([[:space:]]\+pam_unix.so\)/\1required  \2/' \
-        "${profile}/${f}"
-      sed -i \
-        -e '/^auth[[:space:]]\+required[[:space:]]\+pam_unix.so/a auth        sufficient                                   pam_intune.so' \
-        -e '/^password[[:space:]]\+required[[:space:]]\+pam_unix.so/a password    sufficient                                   pam_intune.so' \
-        -e '/^session[[:space:]]\+required[[:space:]]\+pam_unix.so/a session     optional                                     pam_intune.so' \
-        "${profile}/${f}"
-    done
-    authselect select custom/intune-profile --force --nobackup
-
-  - |
-    #!/usr/bin/env bash
-    set -xeuo pipefail
-    cd /usr/share/selinux/packages/intune
-    tmp="$(mktemp -d)"
-    checkmodule -M -m -o "${tmp}/intune.mod" intune.te
-    semodule_package -o "${tmp}/intune.pp" -m "${tmp}/intune.mod"
-    semodule -n -i "${tmp}/intune.pp"
-    rm -rf "${tmp}"
-
-  # intune-agent (user timer) reports compliance; enable it for every user.
-  - |
-    #!/usr/bin/env bash
-    set -xeuo pipefail
-    systemctl --user --global preset-all

images/fedora-intune/intune/defender-compliance.json

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+{
+  "Rules": [
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderInstalled",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Microsoft Defender is not installed.",
+          "Description": "Microsoft Defender for Endpoint (mdatp) must be installed on this device."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderRunning",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Microsoft Defender is not running.",
+          "Description": "The Microsoft Defender service (mdatp.service) is not responding. Restart the device or contact IT."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderOnboarded",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Microsoft Defender is not onboarded.",
+          "Description": "This device is not onboarded to your organization's Microsoft Defender tenant. Contact IT."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderLicensed",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Microsoft Defender is not licensed.",
+          "Description": "Microsoft Defender has no valid license on this device. Contact IT."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderHealthy",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Microsoft Defender reports a problem.",
+          "Description": "Run 'mdatp health' to see the reported issues, or contact IT."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderRealTimeProtection",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Real-time protection is off.",
+          "Description": "Microsoft Defender real-time protection must be enabled."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderBehaviorMonitoring",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Behavior monitoring is off.",
+          "Description": "Microsoft Defender behavior monitoring must be enabled. Update the device to the latest image or contact IT."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderCloudProtection",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Cloud-delivered protection is off.",
+          "Description": "Microsoft Defender cloud-delivered protection must be enabled. Update the device to the latest image or contact IT."
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "SettingName": "DefenderDefinitionsUpToDate",
+      "Operator": "IsEquals",
+      "DataType": "Boolean",
+      "Operand": true,
+      "MoreInfoUrl": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-install-manually",
+      "RemediationStrings": [
+        {
+          "Language": "en_US",
+          "Title": "Microsoft Defender definitions are out of date.",
+          "Description": "Connect the device to the network so Microsoft Defender can update its security intelligence."
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}

images/fedora-intune/intune/defender-compliance.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Intune custom compliance discovery script for Linux: is Microsoft Defender
+# for Endpoint (mdatp) installed, onboarded, licensed and protecting?
+#
+# Upload in Intune > Devices > Compliance > Scripts (Linux), and pair it with
+# defender-compliance.json in a Linux compliance policy (Custom compliance).
+# Himmelblau runs it as root inside himmelblaud-tasks.service and sends the
+# JSON on stdout to Intune, which evaluates it against the rules. Every setting
+# is always emitted, so a missing or stopped Defender reads as non-compliant
+# instead of as a script error.
+
+MDATP=/usr/bin/mdatp
+
+# Print one `mdatp health` field without quotes or a trailing " [managed]".
+# Unlicensed or unonboarded, mdatp prints "ATTENTION: ..." lines first.
+field() {
+  "${MDATP}" health --field "$1" 2>/dev/null | grep -v '^ATTENTION' | tail -n1 \
+    | sed -e 's/ \[managed\]$//' -e 's/^"//' -e 's/"$//'
+}
+
+bool() {
+  [[ "$1" == true ]] && echo true || echo false
+}
+
+installed=false
+running=false
+healthy=false
+licensed=false
+onboarded=false
+rtp=false
+behavior_monitoring=false
+cloud_protection=false
+definitions_ok=false
+definitions_age=-1
+version=""
+
+if [[ -x "${MDATP}" ]]; then
+  installed=true
+  if [[ "$(field healthy)" =~ ^(true|false)$ ]]; then
+    # The daemon answered.
+    running=true
+    healthy="$(bool "$(field healthy)")"
+    licensed="$(bool "$(field licensed)")"
+    rtp="$(bool "$(field real_time_protection_enabled)")"
+    [[ "$(field behavior_monitoring)" == enabled ]] && behavior_monitoring=true
+    cloud_protection="$(bool "$(field cloud_enabled)")"
+    [[ -n "$(field org_id)" ]] && onboarded=true
+    [[ "$(field definitions_status)" == up_to_date ]] && definitions_ok=true
+    age="$(field definitions_updated_minutes_ago)"
+    [[ "${age}" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && definitions_age=$(( age / 1440 ))
+    version="$(field app_version)"
+    version="${version//[^0-9A-Za-z._-]/}"
+  fi
+fi
+
+cat <<EOF
+{
+  "DefenderInstalled": ${installed},
+  "DefenderRunning": ${running},
+  "DefenderHealthy": ${healthy},
+  "DefenderLicensed": ${licensed},
+  "DefenderOnboarded": ${onboarded},
+  "DefenderRealTimeProtection": ${rtp},
+  "DefenderBehaviorMonitoring": ${behavior_monitoring},
+  "DefenderCloudProtection": ${cloud_protection},
+  "DefenderDefinitionsUpToDate": ${definitions_ok},
+  "DefenderDefinitionsAgeDays": ${definitions_age},
+  "DefenderVersion": "${version}"
+}
+EOF

images/fedora-intune/intune/defender-remediation.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Intune custom configuration script for Linux: bring Microsoft Defender for
+# Endpoint (mdatp) back to the state defender-compliance.sh checks for.
+#
+# Intune has no "run only when non-compliant" trigger for Linux, so this runs
+# on the policy's schedule and only acts on what is wrong; on a healthy device
+# it only reads `mdatp health`. Himmelblau installs it as an /etc/cron.d job.
+#
+# Intune > Devices > Configuration > Create > Linux > Settings catalog >
+# Custom Configuration:
+#   Execution context:   root
+#   Execution frequency: every 1 hour (or 15 minutes while rolling out)
+#   Execution retries:   1
+#   Script:              this file, with ONBOARDING_JSON filled in
+#
+# Exit status is non-zero when Defender is still not healthy afterwards.
+
+# Contents of mdatp_onboard.json from the Defender portal: Settings > Endpoints
+# > Onboarding > Linux Server > "Local Script (Python)". The downloaded
+# MicrosoftDefenderATPOnboardingLinuxServer.py writes this file to
+# /etc/opt/microsoft/mdatp/ on the machine it runs on; paste that file's
+# contents here. Leave the placeholder to skip onboarding.
+ONBOARDING_JSON=$(cat <<'JSON'
+REPLACE_WITH_MDATP_ONBOARD_JSON
+JSON
+)
+
+MDATP=/usr/bin/mdatp
+ONBOARD_FILE=/etc/opt/microsoft/mdatp/mdatp_onboard.json
+
+log() {
+  logger -t defender-remediation -- "$*"
+  echo "$*"
+}
+
+# Print one `mdatp health` field without quotes, a trailing " [managed]" or
+# the "ATTENTION: ..." lines mdatp prints while unlicensed.
+field() {
+  "${MDATP}" health --field "$1" 2>/dev/null | grep -v '^ATTENTION' | tail -n1 \
+    | sed -e 's/ \[managed\]$//' -e 's/^"//' -e 's/"$//'
+}
+
+# Wait up to 2 minutes for the daemon to answer.
+wait_for_daemon() {
+  local i
+  for i in $(seq 1 24); do
+    [[ "$(field healthy)" =~ ^(true|false)$ ]] && return 0
+    sleep 5
+  done
+  return 1
+}
+
+if [[ ! -x "${MDATP}" ]]; then
+  log "mdatp is not installed; it ships in the image, so update or rebase the device."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# The image finishes the Defender install on first boot (mdatp-firstboot).
+if [[ ! -f /var/lib/mdatp-firstboot.done ]]; then
+  log "Defender first-boot setup has not completed; starting it."
+  systemctl start mdatp-firstboot.service
+fi
+
+if ! systemctl is-active --quiet mdatp.service; then
+  log "mdatp.service is not running; restarting it."
+  systemctl restart mdatp.service
+fi
+if ! wait_for_daemon; then
+  log "The Defender daemon does not respond."
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [[ -z "$(field org_id)" ]]; then
+  # Prefix match, so the placeholder appears only once in this file and a
+  # find-and-replace of it can't hit this line.
+  if [[ "${ONBOARDING_JSON}" == REPLACE_WITH_* ]]; then
+    log "Defender is not onboarded and this script has no onboarding JSON."
+  elif ! printf '%s\n' "${ONBOARDING_JSON}" \
+      | python3 -c 'import json, sys; assert "onboardingInfo" in json.load(sys.stdin)' 2>/dev/null; then
+    # A paste that lost the first "{" or last "}" line would otherwise leave
+    # Defender with an unreadable onboarding file ("No license found").
+    log "The onboarding JSON in this script is not valid; paste mdatp_onboard.json again, including its first '{' and last '}' lines."
+    exit 1
+  else
+    log "Defender is not onboarded; writing ${ONBOARD_FILE}."
+    install -d -m 0755 "$(dirname "${ONBOARD_FILE}")"
+    printf '%s\n' "${ONBOARDING_JSON}" > "${ONBOARD_FILE}.tmp"
+    chown root:mdatp "${ONBOARD_FILE}.tmp"
+    chmod 0600 "${ONBOARD_FILE}.tmp"
+    mv -f "${ONBOARD_FILE}.tmp" "${ONBOARD_FILE}"
+    systemctl restart mdatp.service
+    wait_for_daemon || { log "The Defender daemon does not respond after onboarding."; exit 1; }
+  fi
+fi
+
+# Settings Defender's own policy manages show " [managed]" and can't be
+# changed locally; this only fixes a locally disabled real-time protection.
+if [[ "$(field real_time_protection_enabled)" != true ]]; then
+  log "Real-time protection is off; enabling it."
+  "${MDATP}" config real-time-protection --value enabled
+fi
+
+if [[ "$(field definitions_status)" != up_to_date ]]; then
+  log "Definitions are not up to date; updating them."
+  "${MDATP}" definitions update
+fi
+
+healthy="$(field healthy)"
+log "healthy=${healthy} licensed=$(field licensed) org_id=$(field org_id) rtp=$(field real_time_protection_enabled) definitions=$(field definitions_status)"
+[[ "${healthy}" == true ]]

images/fedora-intune/manifest.yaml

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# Minimal GNOME workstation with the Microsoft Intune app, Microsoft Edge and
-# Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, for testing Intune enrollment and Linux
-# compliance policies. Local accounts only: no Kanidm, because the Intune app
-# needs its own authselect profile (pam_intune) for the password checks.
+# Minimal GNOME workstation where users sign in with their Entra ID account
+# (Himmelblau), with Microsoft Edge and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint.
+# Himmelblau joins the device to Entra ID at the first sign-in and, with
+# apply_policy, enrolls it in Intune and reports compliance.
 
 metadata:
-  summary: Fedora minimal GNOME workstation with Microsoft Intune and Defender
+  summary: Fedora minimal GNOME workstation with Entra ID sign-in and Intune
 
 variables:
   # Opt out of the upstream fedora.yaml so we don't pull the Firefox RPM.
@@ -18,8 +18,22 @@ default_target: graphical.target
 
 ref: fedora-intune/${releasever_ref}/${basearch}/intune
 
+# Ship /opt as a plain read-only directory instead of a symlink to /var/opt.
+# Defender installs to /opt/microsoft/mdatp and keeps its state in
+# /var/opt/microsoft/mdatp; with the default symlink those are the same,
+# read-only directory. Needs composefs, which upstream enables. The vendor
+# directories are linked into /opt by finalize.d/60-opt-links.
+opt-usrlocal: root
+
+repos:
+  - himmelblau
+  - microsoft-fedora44
+  - microsoft-edge
+
 include:
   - base-atomic.yaml
   - custom.yaml
-  - intune.yaml
+  # Entra ID sign-in and Intune.
+  - himmelblau.yaml
+  - microsoft-edge.yaml
   - defender.yaml

images/fedora-intune/microsoft-edge.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Microsoft Edge, from the microsoft-edge repo (repos/microsoft.repo).
+# Conditional Access to Microsoft 365 web apps on Linux requires Edge.
+#
+# Entra SSO in Edge: himmelblau-sso only registers its native messaging host
+# and force-installs the Linux Entra SSO extension for Chrome, Chromium and
+# Firefox. Edge reads /etc/opt/edge, so add the same two files there.
+
+repo-packages:
+  - repo: microsoft-edge
+    packages:
+      - microsoft-edge-stable
+
+add-files:
+  - ["edge-linux_entra_sso.json", "/etc/opt/edge/native-messaging-hosts/linux_entra_sso.json"]
+  - ["edge-himmelblau-policy.json", "/etc/opt/edge/policies/managed/himmelblau.json"]

images/fedora-intune/repos/himmelblau.repo

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Himmelblau Community Nightly packages (free development builds). The
+# maintained Stable repositories need a subscription entitlement token:
+# https://himmelblau-idm.org/stable-repositories/
+[himmelblau]
+name=Himmelblau Community Nightly (Fedora 44)
+baseurl=https://packages.himmelblau-idm.org/nightly/latest/rpm/fedora44
+enabled=1
+gpgcheck=1
+gpgkey=https://packages.himmelblau-idm.org/himmelblau.asc

images/fedora-intune/repos/microsoft.repo

@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
-[microsoft-rhel10]
-name=Microsoft Production (RHEL 10)
-baseurl=https://packages.microsoft.com/rhel/10/prod/
+# packages.microsoft.com, limited with includepkgs to the packages the image
+# uses, so nothing else from the Microsoft repo can replace a Fedora package.
+#
+# Fedora 44 build of Defender (mdatp): Fedora is a supported Defender
+# distribution, servers and desktops. Pinned to 44 rather than $releasever so a
+# new Fedora release doesn't fail the build before Microsoft publishes its repo.
+
+[microsoft-fedora44]
+name=Microsoft Production (Fedora 44)
+baseurl=https://packages.microsoft.com/fedora/44/prod/
 enabled=1
 gpgcheck=1
 repo_gpgcheck=1
 gpgkey=https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft-2025.asc
-includepkgs=intune-portal microsoft-identity-broker mdatp
+includepkgs=mdatp
 
 [microsoft-edge]
 name=Microsoft Edge

images/shared/files/finalize.d/60-opt-links

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Runs in the target root during `rpm-ostree compose image` (edition 2024
+# finalize.d hook). rpm-ostree relocates RPM content under /opt to
+# /usr/lib/opt. With `opt-usrlocal: root` /opt is a plain directory in the
+# image and nothing links it back, so link each vendor directory. Images on the
+# default (/opt -> /var/opt, linked by tmpfiles.d) are left alone.
+set -euo pipefail
+
+root="${PWD}"
+
+[[ -d "${root}/usr/lib/opt" ]] || exit 0
+if [[ -L "${root}/opt" || ! -d "${root}/opt" ]]; then
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+for dir in "${root}"/usr/lib/opt/*; do
+  name="$(basename "${dir}")"
+  ln -sfn "../usr/lib/opt/${name}" "${root}/opt/${name}"
+  echo "Linked /opt/${name} -> /usr/lib/opt/${name}"
+done